Softskill_Meeting 3
In 776 B.C., the first Olympic Games were held at the foot of Mount Olympus to honor the Greeks’ chief god, Zeus. The warm climate for outdoor activities, the need for preparedness in war, and their lifestyle caused the Greeks to create competitive sports. Only the elite and military could participate at first, but later the games were open to all free Greek males who had no criminal record. The Greeks emphasized physical fitness and strength in their education of youth. Therefore, contest in running, jumping, discuss and javelin throwing, boxing, and horse and chariot racing were held in individual cities, and the winners competed every four years at Mount Olympus. Winners were greatly honored by having olive wreaths placed on their heads and having poems sung about their deeds. Originally these contests were held as games of friendship, and any wars in progress were halted to allow the games to take place. They also helped to strengthen bonds among competitors and the different cities represented.
The Greeks attached so much importance to the games that they calculated time in four-year cycles called “Olympiads,” dating from 776 B.C. The contest coincided with religious festivities and constituted an all-out effort on the part of the participants to please the gods. Any who disobeyed the rules were dismissed and seriously punished. These athletes brought shame not only to themselves, but also to the cities they represented.
1. Which of the following is NOT true?
a. Winners placed olive wreaths on their own heads.
b. The games were held in Greece every four years.
c. Battles were interrupted to participate in the games.
d. Poem glorified the winners in song.
Jawabannya : C Battles were interrupted to participate in the games.
Karena dalam paragraph dijelaskan “The contest coincided with religious festivities and constituted an all-out effort on the part of the participants to please the gods.”
2. The word “elite” in line 5 is closest in meaning to…
a. Aristocracy c. intellectuals
b. Brave d. muscular
Jawabannya : A. Aristocracy.
Karena arti dari “elite” adalah golongan atas dan Aristocracy berarti bangsawan.
3. Why were the Olympic Games held?
a. To stop wars
b. To honor Zeus
c. To crown the best athletes
d. To sing songs about the athletes
Jawabannya : B. To honor Zeus.
Karena Pada kalimat pertama pada paragraph terdapat kata “In 776 B.C., the first Olympic Games were held at the foot of Mount Olympus to honor the Greeks’ chief god, Zeus.”
4. Approximately how many years ago did these games originate?
a. 800 years b. 1,200 years c. 2,300 years d. 2,800 years
Jawabannya : D. 2800 years.
Dalam paragraph di atas dikatakan bahwa Olympic Games pertama kali ada ada tahun 776 B.C (776 sebelum masehi) berarti Olympic games terjadi sejak 2012 + 776 = 2788 ~ 2800 tahun yang lalu.
5. What conclusion can we draw about the ancient Greeks?
a. They were pacifists.
b. They believed athletic events were important
c. They were very simple
d. They couldn’t count, so they used “Olympiads” for dates
Jawabannya : B. They believed athletic events were important.
Karena Di kalimat pertama pada paragrad ke dua dijelaskan bahwa “The Greeks attached so much importance to the games that they calculated time in four-year cycles called “Olympiads,” dating from 776 B.C.”
6. What is the main idea of this passage?
a. Physical fitness was an integral part of the lives of the ancient Greeks
b. The Greeks severely punished those who did not participate in physical fitness programs
c. The Greeks had always encouraged everyone to participate in the games
d. The Greeks had the games coincide with religious festivities so that they could go back to war when the games were over.
Jawabannya : D. The Greeks had the games coincide with religious festivities so that they could go back to war when the games were over.
Karena Terdapat pada paragraph kedua di kalimat kedua.
7. In line 14, the word “deeds” is closest in meaning to
a. Accomplishments
b. Ancestors
c. Documents
d. Property
Jawabannya : A. Accomplishments.
karena “deeds” adalah tindakan atau perbuatan dan Accomplishments yang secara harfiah berarti penyelesaian, prestasi, atau kemahiran.
8. Which of the following was ultimately required of all athletes competing in the Olympics?
a. They must have completed military service
b. They had to attend special training sessions
c. They had to be Greek males with no criminal record
d. They had to be very religious
Jawabannya : C. They had to be Greek males with no criminal record.
Karena pada paragraph terdapat kata “but later the games were open to all free Greek males who had no criminal record.”
9. The word “halted” in line 16 means most nearly the same as ..
a. Encourages
b. Started
c. Curtailed
d. Fixed
Jawabannya : C. Curtailed.
Karena “halted” adalah berhenti sebentar sedangkan Curtailed adalah membatasi atau mengurangi.
10. What is an “Olympiad”?
a. The time it took to finish the games
b. The time between games
c. The it took to finish a war
d. The time it took the athletes to train
Jawabannya : B. The time between games.
Karena “the games that they calculated time in four-year cycles called “Olympiads,” dating from 776 B.C.”
STYLISTIC PROBLEMS
1. The defendant refused to answer the prosecutor’s questions ____________
a. Because he was afraid it would incriminate him.
b. For fear that they will incriminate him
c. Because he was afraid that his answers would incriminate him
d. Fearing that he will be incriminated by it
Jawabannya : C. Because he was afraid that his answers would incriminate him.
Karena pada soal “questions” adalah bentuk jamak.
2. Mrs. Walker has returned_______________
a. A wallet back to its original owner
b. To its original owner the wallet
c. The wallet to its originally owner
d. The wallet to its original owner
Jawabannya : D. The wallet to its original owner.
Karena “return” diikuti dengan kata “to” dan owner diikuti dengan adverb.
3. The hospital owes____________ for the construction of the new wing.
a. The government twenty million dollars
b. For the government twenty million dollars
c. To the government twenty million dollars
d. Twenty million of dollars to the government
Jawabannya : A. The government twenty million dollars.
Karena struktur pada kalimat setelah verb lalu objek.
4. Sarah ____________ that she could not attend classes next week.
a. Told to her professors
b. Said her professors
c. Told her professors
d. Is telling her professors
Jawabannya : C. Told her professors.
Karena seharusnya tidak menggunakan “to”.
5. The artist was asked to show some paintings at the contest because___________
a. He painted very good
b. They believed he painted well
c. Of their belief that he was an good artist
d. The judges had been told of his talents
Jawabannya : B. They believed he painted well.
Karena susunan yang benar setelah verb (painted) dibutuhkan adverb (well) bukan adjective.
6. If motorists do not observe(A) the(B) traffic regulations, they(C) will be stopped, ticketed, and have to pay a fine(D).
Jawabannya : D seharusnya have to be paid a fine.
karena stopped dan ticketed dalam bentuk pasif maka have to pay juga harus dalam bentuk pasif.
7. Fred, who usually conducts the choir rehearsals(A), did not show up(B) last night because he had(C) an accident on his way to the practice(D).
Jawabannya : A seharusnya the choir rehearsal
Karena karena bukan merupakan verb dari “the choir” jadi tidak memerlukan “s” pada rehearsals.
8. A short time(A) before her operation last(B) month, Mrs. Carlyle dreams(C) of her daughter who lives overseas(D).
Jawabannya : C seharusnya dreamed
Karena pada kalimat di atas bentuknya lampau seharusnya juga lampau.
9. The atmosphere in Andalucía(A) is open, warm, and gives a welcome feeling(B) to all who(C) have the good(D) fortune to visit there.
Jawabannya : C seharusnya that
Karena kata that digunakan untuk menjelaskan “the atmosphere”
10. Some of the(A) people were standing(B) in the street watched(C) the parade, while others(D) were singing songs.
Jawabannya : C seharusnya watching
Karena Past participle.
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